[4] Higher-level jurisdictions ask lower-level minority areas to put forth "extensive efforts to support the country's construction by providing more natural resources" and in exchange gives them infrastructural subsidies such as personnel training, budgetary subventions, and disproportionate public works investments.
[6] Minority students applying to universities receive bonus points on the National Higher Education Entrance Examination (gaokao).
[4] The Chinese government officially allowed minority parents to have more than one child per family instead of the one demanded for Han people as part of the (former) one-child policy.
Li Zonghan argued that local officials would need to have suspicion of Han pretending to be Miao in order to fit the quota criteria.
[citation needed] Unfair policies on Chinese College entrance exams as well as human rights considered to be favoring the national minority have both been believed to be causing reverse discrimination in the mainland.