[1] Alexander also encountered Greek-speaking Branchidae people who migrated from Miletus to Afghanistan by order of Xerxes I with whom they sided with.

After the collapse of the Greek kingdoms in Afghanistan, there would be almost non-existent contact between Afghanistan and Greece until the Ottoman–Hotaki War from 1722 to 1727 when the Ottoman Empire (which Greece was part of at the time) fought against Afghan troops to obtain control of all western and northwestern parts of modern-day Iran.

They later offered to buy some items and/or store them in Greece for safekeeping, as well as sent funds and experts to help with restoration after the United States invasion of Afghanistan.

[5] In 2001, Greece, as a member of NATO joined the International Security Assistance Force and sent troops to fight in the War in Afghanistan to combat the Taliban and Al-Qaeda.

On a yearly basis, Greece provides scholarships for Afghan students in the field of archeology, and for demining training.