Early recorded versions of the name are of the form Hothenei and hodni which are believed to contain the Welsh adjective 'hawdd', meaning 'pleasant' or 'easy', together with a suffix -ni.
The river has no major tributaries but acquires numerous streams during its 11-mile course.
The valley of the Honddu is followed by the B4520 road which runs north from Brecon to Builth Wells.
Brecon Castle, now a hotel, sits at the lowermost crossing of the river at its confluence with the Usk.
For the last 1.5 miles (2.4 km) of its course, it lies partly or wholly within Brecon Beacons National Park and Fforest Fawr Geopark.