The train belongs to Eastern Railway, maintained at Howrah.
It connects the major coal and steel industrial cities of Asansol, Raniganj, Andal and Durgapur to the capital city of Kolkata, and is therefore, a very important train on the route for daily passengers.
Initially known as the Asansol Express, the train was renamed the Agnibina Express as a tribute to Kazi Nazrul Islam, whose birthplace is near Asansol and whose first poetry book was titled Agnibina.
Agnibina Express runs 7 days a week in both directions.
The train started as Chittaranjan–Howrah Bidhan Express, but was later temporarily terminated at Asansol for operational reasons during the 1970s.