Agusan was created as a special province from territories previously organized under Surigao and parts of Misamis in 1907.
[1] As a special province, Agusan was under the direct supervision of the Department of the Interior Bureau of Non-Christian Tribes and was unrepresented in the Philippine Assembly.
[2] In 1913, the province was transferred to the direct control and jurisdiction of the Department of Mindanao and Sulu whose representatives to the national legislature were appointed by the Governor General as one at-large district beginning with the 4th Philippine Legislature in 1916.
[4] The province then began to send a representative to the Commonwealth National Assembly from its single-member at-large district created under the 1935 constitution.
[5] Agusan was also represented in the Second Republic National Assembly during the Pacific War.