[2][3] The monarchies of Iraq and Jordan had recently agreed upon a confederation known as the Arab Federation.

The federation, and Baban's time as prime minister, lasted for only two months.

[citation needed] On 14 July 1958, the monarchy was overthrown in a coup, and a republic was established under Abdul Karim Qassim.

[citation needed] Baban was arrested and sentenced to death by the People's Court, which was established under Qassim's leadership following the coup.

[citation needed] Unlike the royal family and many Iraqi politicians in the monarchy, the sentence was reduced to life in prison.