Ajaltoun's average elevation is 850 meters (2800') above sea level and its total land area is 612 hectares (1510 acres).

In addition to the municipal council, two mukhtars (headmen), Georges Fersan and Antoine Harouni, also serve the town.

[1] The town was also the site of fighter plane crash during World War I. Ajaltoun's name comes from the Arabic root word ′aajel, which could mean "calf", "to roll" or "wheel".

An alternative theory for the town's etymology are that it originates from the Phoenician word for "statue" or "round area".

[4] The principal families in relative order of size are Sfeir, Ghosn, Harouni, Khalife, Mdawar, Zoghbi, Mrad, Ghanem, Khazen, Abi Chaker and Kassis.