[5] In 1186, he was living with his mother and his full brother, Malikshāh, in Damascus when the ill Saladin summoned the three of them to his bedside in Ḥarrān.
[6] According to Ibn Shaddād, al-Muʿaẓẓam was brought to witness the siege of Acre in 1191 as his initiation into the art of war, although he would not actually engage in combat for several years.
[3][8] In 1234, al-Muʿaẓẓam led the army of the emir of Aleppo in Sultan al-Kāmil's war against the Seljukids.
[10] In 1250, al-Muʿaẓẓam and his only surviving brother, Nuṣrat al-Dīn, led contingents from Aleppo during al-Nāṣir Yūsuf's invasion of Egypt.
[14] Although over eighty years old, al-Muʿaẓẓam was governing Aleppo on behalf of al-Nāṣir when the Mongols invaded Syria in 1259.