[5] The Alabama beach mouse is one of several subspecies of oldfield mice living only in coastal sand dune areas.

Coastal residential and commercial development and roadway construction have fragmented and destroyed habitat used by this species.

Stalking by domestic and wild cats and dogs, birds, and raccoons, as well as other animals, plus competition from other rodents have also contributed to Alabama beach mouse declines.

[6] The species is protected in areas such as the Bon Secour National Wildlife Refuge in Baldwin County, Alabama.

In Sierra Club v. Babbitt, environmental organizations halted construction of housing in the Alabama beach mouse's habitat.