[5] In the 1930s many remaining Kawésqar were relocated to Wellington Island, in the town of Villa Puerto Edén, to shield them from pressures from the majority culture.

In 2021, Kawésqar activist Margarita Vargas López was elected to represent the nation in the Chilean Constitutional Convention.

Adwipliin, Aksánas, Alacaluf, Cálen (Cálenches, Calenes), Caucahué, Enoo, Lecheyel, Taíjataf (Tayataf), Yequinahuere (Yequinahue, Yekinauer).

[citation needed] By 1884 Thomas Bridges, an Anglican missionary based in Ushuaia who had been proselytising and studying the indigenous peoples of Tierra del Fuego since the late 1860s, and his son Despard compiled a 1,200-word vocabulary for the Kawésqar language in the form of a manuscript.

In 1881, European anthropologists took eleven Kawéskar people from Patagonia to be exhibited in the Bois de Boulogne in Paris, and in the Berlin Zoological Garden.

Upon the return of the remains, Chilean president Michelle Bachelet formally apologized for the state having allowed these indigenous people to be taken out of the country to be exhibited and treated like animals.