Alatyr (Russian: Ала́тырь; Chuvash: Улатӑр, romanized: Ulatăr) is a town in the Chuvash Republic, Russia, located on the Sura River at its confluence with the Alatyr River.

[9] Alatyr originally served as a fortified outpost where an old Mordvin village once stood, and it was granted town status in 1780.

[citation needed] Alatyr gained economic importance in 1894 after to the construction of the Moscow—Ryazan—Kazan railroad.

[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the town of republic significance of Alatyr—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.

[1] As a municipal division, the town of republic significance of Alatyr is incorporated as Alatyr Urban Okrug.