[1] Alconbury is situated within Huntingdonshire which is a non-metropolitan district of Cambridgeshire as well as being an historic county of England.

Alconbury was listed as Acumesberie and Almundeburie in the Hundred of Leightonstone in Huntingdonshire in the Domesday Book of 1086.

The £1.25m two mile A1 bypass opened in December 1964, joining the road at the point where it now meets the A14 (former A604) at the junction at the top of a hill.

[6][7] The village's highest tier of local government is Cambridgeshire County Council.

Alconbury is a part of the electoral division of Huntingdon and is represented on the county council by two councillors.

[6][8] Cambridgeshire County Council intends to move its headquarters to Alconbury, from Cambridge, by 2020.

There is a Church of England primary school,[12] A service station on the B1043/A14 junction closed in August 2007 and re-opened in 2012 under new owners.

Alconbury will be the terminus of the ongoing Cambridge Metro project to improve public transport in the east of England.