Aleksei Matveyevich Rumyantsev (Russian: Алексей Матвеевич Румянцев; 16 February 1905 – 1 December 1993) was a Soviet economist, sociologist and academic.
[1] He served in the Red Army for a short period and from 1928 to 1929 he worked in the staff of the People's Commissariat of Agriculture of the Ukrainian SSR, and in 1929–1930 from the staff of the People's Commissariat of Justice of the Ukrainian SSR, where he became an associate of Nikita Khrushchev.
He defended his dissertation "The emergence of private ownership of movable property" in 1940 at the Institute of Economics of the Academy of Sciences.
Rumyantsev was one of the first supporters of the works of Evsei Liberman which eventually led to the Soviet economic reforms.
[5] During this time he was also one of the directors of the European (Vienna) Center for the Coordination of Research in the Social Sciences.
After his dismissal from the ICSD, he headed the Scientific Council of the Academy of Sciences "History of the National Economy and Socio-Economic Doctrines."