His parents were Grigori Grigorovich Kushelev (1754-1833) and his wife Ljubov' Il'inična Bezborodko (1783-1809).
After graduating he left St Petersburg for Tartu (where he met Georg Friedrich Parrot) and Berlin (where he inspected the University).
[citation needed] He later returned to St Petersburg, where he was made a chamberlain in 1820.
He was elected an honorary member of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 1830 and seven years later was made director of the Treasury Department.
[citation needed] On 30 January 1829 he married Aleksandra Nikolaevna Repnina-Volkonskaja (1805-1836), daughter of Nikolai Repnin-Volkonsky and Varvara Alekseevna Razumovskaja.