He was employed as a state school teacher when he enlisted with the 1st AIF in March 1916, serving with the 53rd Battery, 5th Divisional Artillery, 14th Field Artillery Brigade.
He was severely injured in a gas attack in 1917, but responded to hospital treatment.
He was repatriated, suffering bronchitis and a year later was released from hospital with the rank of lieutenant.
[3][4] He had commenced university education before enlisting, and resumed his studies at the University of Melbourne, qualifying Bachelor of Science, Master of Agricultural Science and Diploma of Education.
In November 1941 he succeeded Frederick James Rae as Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Melbourne and Government Botanist.