Alfred Malherbe (14 July 1804 – 14 August 1865) was a French magistrate and amateur naturalist born in Mauritius to Pierre Marie François Malherbe and Rosalie Le Meusnier Molineuf.
He conducted studies of birds of Algeria (describing numerous species) and Sicily.
He described and named Levaillant's woodpecker, after French ornithologist François Le Vaillant.
In addition to Monographie des picidées, he was the author of several other ornithological works: Parts of his collections of birds from Algeria and Europe were donated to the Asiatic Society of Bengal in Calcutta.
The main collections were acquired by Hercules Turati and then gifted to the natural history museum at Milan.