Alfred Sherwood Romer (December 28, 1894 – November 5, 1973) was an American paleontologist and biologist and a specialist in vertebrate evolution.

[2] He studied at Amherst College for his Bachelor of Science Honours degree in biology, then at Columbia University for an M.Sc.

His collecting program added important Paleozoic specimens to Chicago's Walker Museum of Paleontology.

[4] In 1954 Romer was awarded the Mary Clark Thompson Medal from the National Academy of Sciences, of which he was a member.

He drew together the then widely scattered taxonomy of the different vertebrate groups and combined them into a single scheme, emphasizing orderliness and overview.