ʿAlī Ḥaydar Pāshā ibn Jābir[a] (Ottoman Turkish: علی حیدر پاشا بن جابر; Arabic: علي حيدر باشا, ʿAlī Ḥaydar Bāshā; April 1866 – 12 May 1935) was an Ottoman politician who served as Emir and Grand Sharif of Mecca from 1916 to 1917 during the Arab Revolt and the First World War.
In 1879 ‘Abd al-Muttalib was appointed Emir of Mecca for the third time and ʿAlī Ḥaydar was sent as a hostage to Istanbul, where he eventually settled in the Çamlıca Hill district.
In 1908, he was passed over for the Emirate and it was instead given to Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī, who was older but belonged to the junior Dhawu Awn clan of the Banu Qatada.
[4] He served as Minister of Waqfs (charitable endowments) from January 1910 in the cabinet of Grand Vizier Ibrahim Hakki Pasha, but he resigned after some time and was replaced by Mustafa Hayri Bey.
There were rumours upon the Ottoman entry into the world war (1914) that Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī would be replaced by Ḥaydar, but nothing happened for two years.
On 19 July, ʿAlī Ḥaydar was seen off at the Haydarpaşa railway station by the entire cabinet and the future sultan Mehmed VI.
On 29 July, Ḥaydar's party left Damascus; it arrived in Medina, which was being held by Fakhri Pasha against the rebels, on 1 August.
[5] On 9 August, Ḥaydar issued a proclamation in response to Ḥusayn's earlier publicly circulated letter:[6] The enemy has invaded Egypt, the Sudan and India, Yemen, Ahkaf, Oman and vicinity, and this time he made an attempt on Basra.