Ali in the Quran

'the overnight stay') refers to the night in 622 CE in which Muhammad migrated from the city of Mecca to Yathrib, later renamed Medina, apparently to foil an assassination plan.

A Christian envoy from Najran, located in South Arabia, arrived in Medina circa 632 and negotiated a peace treaty with Muhammad.

[20] The majority of reports indicate that Muhammad appeared for the occasion of mubahala, accompanied by his daughter Fatima, her husband 'Ali, and their two sons, Al-Hasan and Al-Husayn.

[28] The inclusion of these four by Muhammad in the mubahala ritual, as his witnesses and guarantors,[29][30] must have raised their religious rank within the community.

[15] By contrast, Shia authorities are nearly unanimous that the verse of ikmal was revealed following the announcement of Muhammad at the Ghadir Khumm, after his Farewell Pilgrimage and shortly before his death in 632.

[35] In Shia sources, Muhammad received this revelation following his designation of Ali at the Ghadir Khumm to guide the nascent Muslim community after him.

[36] Some Sunni sources also associate the verse of ikmal with the Ghadir Khumm but reject its Shia significance.

[37] The frequent association of this verse with Ali in early Sunni sources may support the authenticity of this claim.

[47] Other Sunni exegetes forward different views, one of which connects this verse to Muhammad's criticism of Jews and Christians.

'"[55] The Shia-leaning Ibn Ishaq narrates that Muhammad specified al-qurba in this verse as Ali, Fatima, and their two sons, Hasan and Husayn.

[56] Most Sunni authors, however, reject the Shia view and offer various alternatives,[55] chief among them is that this verse enjoins love for kinsfolk in general.

[58][59] In Twelver Shia, the love in the verse of mawadda also entails obedience to the Ahl al-Bayt as the source of exoteric and esoteric religious guidance.

[63][32] In particular, verses 76:7–12 read,They fulfill their vows and fear a day whose evil is widespread, and give food, despite loving it, to the indigent, the orphan, and the captive.

So God has shielded them from the evil of that Day, bestowed upon them radiance and joy, and rewarded them for having been patient with a Garden and with silk.