The Altai Uriankhai (Mongolian: Алтайн Урианхай; simplified Chinese: 阿尔泰乌梁海; traditional Chinese: 阿爾泰烏梁海) refers to a Mongol tribe around the Altai Mountains that was organized by the Qing dynasty.

The Mongolian term Uriankhai had been applied to all Samoyedic, Turkic, and Mongolic peoples to the north-west of Mongolia in the 17th century.

[2] Some groups migrated to Khövsgöl Province during the course of the Northern Yuan dynasty (1368-1691).

In the aftermath of the Dungan Revolt (1864–77), the Kazakhs migrated into the territory of the Altai Uriankhai.

However, the Altai Uriankhai and the Kazakhs formed the Bayan-Ölgii Province in 1940. Notable Altai Uriankhai people include Damchaa B, the movie actor and the specialist in Esperanto of Mongolia.