Its name probably comes from a comment by Inigo Jones who wrote: The Altar Stone is made of a purplish-green micaceous sandstone and was thought to have originated from outcrops of the Senni Beds formation of the Old Red Sandstone in Wales, though this has not been fully established.
[3][4] Research published in 2024 claims to show conclusively that "the Altar Stone’s age fingerprint identifies it as coming from the Orcadian Basin in north-east Scotland".
The Altar Stone weighs approximately six tons and (if it ever was upright) would have stood nearly two metres tall.
Stone 80 was most recently excavated in the 1950s, but no written records of the excavation survive, and there are no samples available for examination that are established as having come from the monolith.
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