Amos Frumkin

He uses earth-sciences methods, such as radiometric dating and stable isotopes, collaborating with archaeologists, biologists and karstologists around the globe.

[citation needed] Most of Frumkin's studies are performed on karst terrains in diverse fields of research, comprising palaeoclimate, geomorphology, hydrology, palaeohydrology, geoarchaeology, human impact on the environment and ancient water systems.

For example: (a) Oxygen isotopes fluctuations over glacial/interglacial periods in Levantine speleothems are dominated by 'source effect', consequently glacials were wetter than interglacials (rather than drier as was thought earlier, according to oxygen isotopes); (b) Hypogenic source of the 'Ayyalon salinity anomaly' (rather than an upper source); (c) Salt dissolution as the major undermining source of Dead Sea sinkholes (rather than earlier piping concept); (d) Natural caves have been widely used for refuge in the Mediterranean zone of Israel (rather than only in the desert); (e) Speleothems have been used in Israel in the past for production of 'calcite alabaster' luxury items (rather than only imported from Israel).

Frumkin studied such features of tectonics, diapir rising rates and morphostructure of the Dead Sea basin and its shoulders.

Hermon, where freezing and thawing periods were reconstructed, through the northern-central Dead Sea catchment, where glacials were shown to be wetter than interglacials.

Environmental catastrophes during the Holocene received particular attention, due to their relevance to present and future global change.

[citation needed] Among the co-authored studies are: Dating of early Paleolithic cave inhabitants; evidence for habitual use of fire at the end of the Lower Paleolithic; paleoclimatic corridors for human migration out of Africa; dating ancient Jerusalem water supply system; technical innovations to bring water into ancient cities; Extending the knowledge on Bar-Kokhba Revolt, ~1900 yr ago, through remains including papyrus documents and hoards of coins from caves; Comparing field evidence with historic and archaeologic records.

[4] He is the author of the generally accepted explanation of how a tunnel dug by two teams working from opposite ends was engineered by the ancient Israelites before the development of trigonometry.