An-Nisa' (Arabic: ٱلنِّسَاء, An-Nisāʾ; meaning: The Women)[1][2] is the fourth chapter (sūrah) of the Quran, with 176 verses (āyāt).

The surah aims to eradicate the earlier practices of pagan, Arab communities that are no longer considered moral in the Muslim society.

[7] Shirk (refer 4:48 and 4:116)[8] is held to be the worst form of disbelief, and it is identified in the Quran as the only sin that God will not pardon.

[9] Thematically, "an-Nisā" not only addresses concerns about women, but also discusses inheritance, marriage laws, how to deal with children and orphans, legal practices, jihād, relations between Muslim communities and People of the Book, war, and the role of Jesus as a prophet, rather than the son of God as Christians claimed.

[5] Furthermore, in discussing war, this surah encourages the Muslim community to fight for the vulnerable in war,[7] as demonstrated by 4:75: "Why should you not fight in God's cause and for those oppressed men, women, and children who cry out, ‘Lord, rescue us from this town whose people are oppressors!

[12] However, Carl Ernst admits that more works needs to be done in this type of structural analysis to more fully understand the composition of such extensive suras.

[12] In Qur'an and Woman, Amina Wadud places interpretations of the Quran into three categories: traditional, reactive, and holistic.

[13] The type of interpretation one applies to surah 4 greatly influences one's perspective on the role of women within Muslim society.

Regarding the timing and contextual background of the believed revelation (Asbāb al-nuzūl), it is a Medinan surah[3] as confirmed by Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'i, who states that the sura must have been revealed after the hijrah based on the subject matter.

[5] Consequently, parts of this surah, the second-longest in the Quran, were revealed concurrently with portions of "The Examined Woman," sura 60.

This way you are less likely to commit injustice.A detailed explanation of this verse is given in the 'interpretation' (Tafsir) of Ibn Kathir, a scholar of the Mamluk era: The Ayah commands, if you fear that you will not be able to do justice between your wives by marrying more than one, then marry only one wife, or satisfy yourself with only female captives.

Verses 4:22-23 cover which classes of women within one's family with whom marriage or sexual intercourse would be considered haram.

[27][28] 4:34 Men are the protectors and maintainers of women because Allah has made one of them excel over the other, and because they spend out of their possessions (to support them).

[32] The Enlightening Commentary into the Light of the Holy Qur'an says, "Polytheism is the worst form of sins and it is a barrier against the Divine forgiveness.

[35][36] However, there are contemporary Fatwa that the revelation of this verse were attributed to az-Zubayr were weak, as the stronger Hadith which attributed to the revelation of this verse were instead attributed to the tradition of Umar, the second Rashidun Caliph[37] Muhammad ibn Sulayman recorded that al-Sadiq relayed to his elderly father, Abu Muhammad ibn Sulayman, concerning the following verse: "And whoever obeys Allah and the Messenger – those will be with the ones upon whom Allah has bestowed favor of the prophets, the steadfast affirmers of truth, the martyrs and the righteous.

(4:69) stating, "The Messenger of Allah in this verse is from of the prophets, and we (Ahl al-Bayt) in this subject are the truthful and the martyrs and you all, (our followers), are the righteous, so adopt this name.

For those hypocrites to prove their loyalty, they were commanded to emigrate and join the ranks of the believers, or they would be considered enemies.

[42] These verses cover issues associated with female orphans; desertion by the husband and the desirability of marital peace.

[43] In Kitab al-Kafi, Ja'far al-Sadiq writes a letter to his companions stressing the importance of obeying Allah, his Messenger, and the "Wali al Amr" (Progeny of Muhammad)- going so far as to say that those who disobey and deny their virtues are "liars and hypocrites".

They certainly did not kill him.An explanation of the Islamic view of Jesus as a prophet, rather than as the son of God as Christians claim, is given in Tafsir Ibn Kathir.