Anacanthus barbatus, also known as the bearded leatherjacket, is a species of filefish found in the Indo-Pacific.

It is found on reefs at depths of from 3 to 8 metres (9.8 to 26.2 ft).

This species grows to a length of 35 centimetres (14 in) TL.

This species is the only known member of its genus.

This species is of minor importance to local commercial fisheries.