Born and educated in Iași, Panu spent many years in Huși, where around 1845 he was named tribunal member, later rising to president.
In 1847, his political support for Lascăr Rosetti led Prince Mihail Sturdza to dismiss Panu, detaining him at the Galați barracks for three months.
In 1852, Prince Grigore Alexandru Ghica named him department head at the Justice Ministry, and later interim minister.
Panu was elected to represent Iași in the ad hoc Divan.
During the rule of Alexandru Ion Cuza, he held a Iași seat in the Chamber of Deputies.