This first population slowly spread throughout the territory and thus in the 15th century the first concentration appears in a hamlet made up of huts that will be called La Nava de los Enjambres.

In 1676 the Archbishop of Toledo, Pascual Aragón, consecrated the church to Nuestra Señora de la Asunción, granting it the category of parish.

At the beginning of the 17th century, 2.5 km from Anchuras, the hamlet of Encinacaída began to form, with houses made of slate and covered with broom and mud, near an oak that the wind bent without uprooting it and that gives its name to the farmhouse.

Finally, at the end of the 19th century, a new hamlet was created in a hollow, Las Huertas del Sauceral, which owes its name to the exploitation of small orchards around a patch of willow trees.

Anchuras became a well-known municipality due to the decision of the national government to locate a training camp for the Air Force (firing range) on its lands and adjacent ones, specifically the one that had not been installed in Cabañeros.