Andersonia is a genus of mostly small, evergreen shrubs in the family Ericaceae and is endemic to the Southwest Botanical Province in Western Australia.

Plants in the genus Andersonia are small shrubs, (apart from A. axilliflora and A. echinocephala that grow to a height of several metres) some are subshrubs and a few, compact cushion plants, but all seem to require a fairly open habitat.

[2][3] The genus Andersonia was first formally described in 1810 by Robert Brown in his Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae.

[4][5] The genus name, Andersonia, jointly honours William Anderson, naval surgeon and naturalist, who accompanied Cook on several voyages, Alexander Anderson, curator of the botanic garden at Saint Vincent, and William Anderson, curator of the Apothecaries' Garden at Chelsea.

[6] The following is a list of Andersonia species accepted by the Australian Plant Census as of October 2022:[7]