Andreas Reckwitz

In this book he analyses how economy, work, information technology, lifestyle, classes and politics follow a system which values singularity and devalues non-singularity.

Reckwitz wrote several articles for the newspaper Die Zeit and appeared as an interview partner on the German national radio Deutschlandfunk Kultur discussing current socio-cultural and political trends and issues in western societies.

[7]Reckwitz develops two strands of cultural theory in social sciences in detail, one phenomenological-interpretative (Schütz, Goffman, Geertz, Taylor) and the other structuralist (Lévi-Strauss, Bourdieu).

He identifies "practice theory" or praxeology as a synthesis of both, overcoming both mentalism (localizing culture in the mind) and textualism (localizing culture in discourses).Practice theory allows for the overcoming of the dichotomy between the subjectivism of interpretative approaches and the objectivism of structuralist approaches, by proposing a vision where social practices are both carriers of meanings and structured by recurring patterns of bodily and material actions.

[8]Cultural counter-movements, such as Romanticism, artistic avant-gardes, or the 1960s counterculture, played a decisive role in transforming forms of subjectivation, offering alternatives to dominant models.

Creativity is no longer an exceptional attribute reserved for artists; it has become a generalized social norm in late modern society.

It is the artistic practices, with their constant quest for novelty, that have inspired other fields to adopt a similar logic of innovation and singularity.

[9] In his book Die Gesellschaft der Singularitäten published in 2017,[10] Reckwitz analyzes the structure of late modern society through the fields of economy, labor, digital technologies, lifestyles/classes, and politics.

[10]Reckwitz attributes this singularization to economic (post-industrial capitalism), technological (digitization as a cultural machine), and sociocultural factors (the new middle class as the dominant milieu).

[11]The final essays examine the spiral of disillusionment linked to self-commercialization and self-realization, as well as the limits of liberalism as a political paradigm.

[11]Reckwitz concludes by proposing a model of "embedded liberalism," inspired by Karl Polanyi, which aims to re-integrate economic, cultural, and political dynamics into collective social frameworks.In light of the limits of open liberalism, it is necessary to reintegrate economic and cultural dynamics into broader social frameworks, in order to create a balance between individual freedom and collective solidarity.