From January 2004 to June 2005, Tarasenko was acting director of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Murmansk Sea Fishing Port".

From December 2007 to April 2008, he was the Deputy Head of the Department of Affairs and Administrative Support of the Federal Agency for Atomic Energy.

Between April 2008 and February 2010, he worked as Deputy Director of the Department for Management of Affairs and Property Complex of the State Atomic Energy Corporation Rosatom.

In 2009, he was awarded the academic title of Professor in the Department of Acmeology and Cybernetics of the Peter the Great Military Academy of the Strategic Missile Forces.

According to the results of the examination of the Dissernet network community, most of Tarasenko's doctoral dissertation "Socio-psychological patterns and mechanisms of optimal activity of a military leader" is plagiarism: the text of 280 out of 340 analyzed pages is fully or partially borrowed from the dissertation defended in 1995 L. G. Lapteva "Optimization of the administrative activities of military personnel.".

[3][4] From December 2010 to January 2012, he successively held positions, starting from chief economist to advisor to the deputy chairman of the board of JSC Russian Agricultural Bank.

After processing 96% of the ballots, Tarasenko was trailing about five percent behind the candidate from the Communist Party, Ischenko, but at the last moment he unexpectedly took the lead.