He was the fifth child of Babaji Latthe, who was in the service of the Patwardhans at Kurundwad and later had his own business of selling foodgrains and cotton.
[1] Annasaheb Latthe attended the first conference of the Dakshin Bharat Jain Sabha while studying in Poona and had suggested its name.
He started his career as a Lecturer of English in Rajaram College in 1907 and later as Education Inspector of Kolhapur State.
[1] Inspired by the teachings of Jyotirao Phule, Latthe in cooperation with Bhaskarrao Jadhav launched a movement of social awakening of the masses under the Satyashodhak Samaj.
Latthe was elected to the Central Legislative Assembly in 1920 from the Bombay Southern Rural constituency with the support of Shahu of Kolhapur.
In 1936, Latthe joined the Indian National Congress returning all honours and titles conferred on him by the British Government.