Anna Catharina Charlotta Wilhelmina von Bärfelt (1673 – Linköping, 2 April 1738), was a Swedish courtier and an influential royal favourite of Queen Hedwig Eleonora.
According to the French envoy, Jacques de Campredon, Anna Catharina von Bärfelt had accumulated a fortune amounting to the sum of 100.000 ecus from supplicants to the queen dowager.
As a person, she was described as a cunning, bold, promiscuous and greedy character, and was accused of stealing from the royal residences and from the household of the queen dowager herself, and of using poison against her enemies.
In 1709, the Queen Dowager's alleged lover, count Carl Gyllenstierna, attempted to convince Hedvig Eleonora to exile Anna Catharina von Bärfelt from court.
Carl Gyllenstierna gave the order that the door of Hedwig Eleonora be locked the last night Bärfelt was in the castle to prevent her from having any chance to gain access to the queen dowager and convince her to let her stay.
After her departure, however, it was found that several of the missing goods she was suspected of having stolen, were stored by her friend, the royal court painter Andreas von Behn, and with her alleged lover, the Steward (office) of Karlberg Palace.
In 1712, Anna Catharina von Bärfelt was arrested and put on trial for theft despite the opposition of Queen Dowager Hedvig Eleonora.