Anna Wilhelmina Hierta-Retzius, née Hierta (24 August 1841 – 21 December 1924), was a Swedish women's rights activist and philanthropist.

She was raised in an intellectual environment, her father being the manager of a progressive newspaper, and artists, writers and politicians being common guests in her home.

She initiated it inspired by her father, who had petitioned the parliament several times in the issue of the property rights and legal status of married women, and after his death in 1872, she wished to continue his work.

As a major shareholder in Aftonbladet, she is credited with having employed Maria Cederschiöld, an important pioneer for women journalists.

[1] During her tenure as chairperson of the Swedish Women's National Council (SKNF) in 1899–1911, she visited international congresses in London 1899, Berlin 1904 and Geneva 1908.

She founded the charity fund Stiftelsen Lars Hiertas Minne, which she used to support numerous philanthropic issues, scientific discoveries, culture and social reform.

Through this, she founded the first working cottage in 1887: this was an activity inspired by Denmark were poor children made handicraft in exchange for food.

In connection to them, the teacher Sofi Nilsson co-founded with her an education of Family and consumer science for girls by letting them cook for the cottages (1889).

During the sexual debate of the 1880s, were new ideas of free love became fashionable, Anna Hierta-Retzius positioned herself on the conservative side.