Vane became a maid of honour to Caroline, Princess of Wales, who became queen consort in 1727 as the wife of George II.

[2] When Caroline's son Frederick came to England in 1728 and was in turn made Prince of Wales in 1729, he made Vane his mistress and publicly acknowledged her to the extent that Vane entertained his guests at her house in Soho Square.

[2] In 1732 Vane was parodied in a number of works including a book titled The Secret History of the Beautiful Vanella.

It was originally proposed that Vane should be sent abroad but she managed to resist this and was still able to keep her pension of £1600 per year.

Dr. Johnson wrote in the Vanity of Human Wishes: "Yet Vane could tell what ills from beauty spring;" referring to Anne, as distinct from her niece.