The station is located in the network of the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Neckar (Rhine-Neckar transport association, VRN) and belongs to fare zones 181 and 191.

Annweiler was always the most important station between Landau (Pfalz) Hbf and Pirmasens Nord and it used to be served by long-distance services.

The Großer Adelberg (hill) is directly north of it, which required a retaining wall to be built.

The western end of the station is covered by a stone arch bridge, which serves road traffic.

[5] The Landau–Rohrbach railway, which is very curvy in the built-up area of the town, comes from the north-east and continues to the west from the station; it follows the Queich until shortly before Hauenstein.

A meeting took place in Speyer on 10 January 1838, which marked the beginning of selling shares in the Palatine Ludwig Railway Company (Pfälzische Ludwigsbahn-Gesellschaft).

One suggestion was to build the railway through Zweibrücken and from there along the Schwarzbach via Rodalben, Annweiler and Langenkandel to the Rhine, but this was not adopted.

A planning committee considered, as an alternative, the establishment of a branch line from Landau to Annweiler.

However, the committee changed its mind under pressure from the town of Landau and also agreed to support the construction of a Landau–Zweibrücken line.

[11] After Germany lost the First World War and the French military invaded, the Palatine network south of Maikammer-Kirrweiler was blockaded to passenger traffic on 1 December 1918, but released for operations three days later.

In the course of the staged dissolution of the railway division of Mainz from 1 August 1971, its counterpart in Saarbrücken took responsibility for the station.

[16] In 1996, the station became part of the area where services are organised by the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Neckar (Rhine-Neckar transport association, VRN).

[19] Similar buildings were found on the lines of the Palatinate Railways (Pfälzische Eisenbahnen) as well as the stations of Enkenbach, Kirchheimbolanden, Langmeil and Marnheim.

[20] In addition, a two-storey secondary building, which was used for handling freight and has now been converted into a residence, was located in the western area of the station.

From May to October, Felsenland-Express excursion services run on Wednesdays, Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays from Neustadt and Karlsruhe, stopping in Annweiler.

Since 2012, Queichtal Nahverkehrsgesellschaft GmbH has been responsible for operating the bus routes, which were reorganised in the same year.