[1][2][3] His parents were the fourth-generation owners of the Domaine Mathieu, a vineyard still in operation today.

[2] On 21 May 1854, he co-founded the Félibrige movement with Joseph Roumanille, Frédéric Mistral, Théodore Aubanel, Jean Brunet, Paul Giéra and Alphonse Tavan.

[2] Mathieu introduced the co-founders of the Félibrige to the red wine produced by his family vineyard.

[2] Moreover, he introduced it to Alphonse Daudet, another writer from Provence, who called it, "royal, imperial, pontifical.

"[2] Additionally, Mathieu introduced Alexandre Dumas and Alphonse de Lamartine, two writers from Paris, to this wine.