The emerging view is that these genes act in concert to specify a population of mesenchymal progenitor cells, mainly of neural crest origin, as they migrate anteriorly around the embryonic optic cup.

These same genes then regulate mesenchymal cell differentiation to give rise to distinct anterior segment tissues.

Development appears critically sensitive to gene dosage, and variation in the normal level of transcription factor activity causes a range of anterior segment anomalies.

In the most recent research, the PAX6 gene has been implicated in Peters' Anomaly [2] There is no standard treatment approval, yet numerous surgical techniques have been tried during the latest years, including: penetrating keratoplasty,[3] cataract aspiration or lensectomy,[4][5] optical iridectomy,[6] selective endothelial removal,[7] trabeculectomy and implant of glaucoma draining devices.

[8] However, postoperative outcomes are not very promising due to severe amblyopia and other ocular complications, including glaucoma or retinal detachment.