[2] "The history of the papacy in the early Middle Ages was marked by constantly contested papal elections wherein the various claimants were often proxies for struggles between factions of the nobility".
The Cardinals assembled, under the protection of the Pierleoni, in the chapel of the monastery of S. Pancrazio al Laterano attached to the south of the Lateran basilica.
However, support shifted to Cardinal Boccapecci at the suggestion of Jonathas, the cardinal-deacon of Santi Cosma e Damiano, a Pierleoni partisan.
[2] Boccapecci had only just been proclaimed pope, the investiture ceremony started and the singing of the Te Deum begun, when Roberto Frangipani and a body of armed men broke into the church.
[8] According to historian Salvador Miranda, as Boccapecci was duly elected, he should not be considered an antipope;[8] but as he resigned before being consecrated and enthroned, neither is he listed among the popes.