[2] In 2003, he presented the list of signature collection centers to the National Electoral Council in preparation for the 2004 recall referendum against the Chávez's presidency.

[3] Ledezma left Coordinadora Democrática in September 2004, saying that he did not agree to participate in the upcoming regional elections and that the government would commit fraud.

According to Ledezma: "What happened in the Catia prison is linked to the coup insurrection, because there is no doubt that what was intended was to create chaos in Caracas and that more than 3,000 inmates took to the streets, and this had to be controlled at the cost of many lives".

He held this position until 21 May 1993, when President Pérez was dismissed by the Supreme Court of Justice, being replaced by César Rodríguez, also from Democratic Action.

From the beginning, he promoted a policy to reduce the number of street vendors and informal traders, demolished the popular market of La Hoyada, built the new public transportation terminal of La Bandera, took charge of the procedures for the repatriation of a large number of undocumented immigrants residing in Caracas, and campaigned for the construction of line 4 of the Caracas Metro.

However, he decided to abandon the idea due to the launching of the candidacy of Chávez's former partner, Francisco Arias Cárdenas, indicating that he would not be a divisive element in the opposition.

In October, days prior to the electoral event, some opinion polls showed a supposed technical tie between the pro-government candidate, Aristóbulo Istúriz and Ledezma, while others gave him a short advantage.

[citation needed] After his election, the National Assembly passed a Capital District Law on 30 April 2009, that transferred most functions, funding, and personnel of the Metropolitan Mayor of Caracas to a new Venezuelan Capital District (headed by Jacqueline Faría, an official directly appointed by Hugo Chávez) covering in particular the political center of Caracas and the municipality of Libertador.

The opposition described the move as a deliberate negation of the popular vote, while Chávez supporters described the political and budgetary reorganization as an "act of justice" for Libertador, the largest and poorest of the five municipalities making up Caracas.

[18] However, the day before in the evening hours, the Sole Authority of the Capital District, an instance recently created by decree of the government of President Hugo Chávez, which assumed competencies that were taken away from Ledezma in the framework of a legal reform, announced the transfer to the mayor's office of a "financial aid" of 52.

52,000 bolivars (about 24,186 dollars) so that the Metropolitan Mayor's Office, whose headquarters in Caracas also passed from Ledezma's hands to the government of the Capital District, "proceeds to cancel, strictly" the payrolls of June and July, according to a statement.

[31][32] In October 2023, the Venezuelan government called for the extradition of Ledezma; a 2017 request was denied by Spanish courts and condemned by Amnesty International.