Maharaja Anup Singh (IAST: Anūpa-siṃha, 1638–1698) was the Rathore Rajput ruler of the Kingdom of Bikaner during 1669–1698.

[2] In 1687, he led the Mughal army to capture the Golconda Sultanate, for which Aurangzeb granted him the title Maharaja.

[1] Several women from his harem committed sati (suicide by immolation), including 2 queens (ranis), 9 common law wives, and 7 maids.

[1] He collected a large number of Sanskrit-language manuscripts during his time in Deccan, and established the Anup Sanskrit Library.

[5] He also patronized many Sanskrit writers including Manirama Dikshita, Vidyanatha, and Joshiraya (apparently same as Virasimha Ganaka).

[6] During his years as a Mughal general in Deccan, Anup Singh set up a court there, and employed several painters.

In 1690, he commissioned the Anup Mahal as the private audience hall (diwan-i-khas); the later ruler Surat Singh added much of the structure's interior decor.