Anurognathus (from the Greek ανоυρα γναθος "frog jaw") is an extinct genus of small pterosaur from the Late Jurassic Altmühltal Formation of Germany.

The specific name ammoni honours the Bavarian geologist Ludwig von Ammon, from whose collection Döderlein had acquired the fossil in 1922.

The genus is based on holotype BSP 1922.I.42 (Bayerische Staatssammlung für Palaeontologie und Geologie), found in the Solnhofen limestone near Eichstätt no later than 1922.

Bennett also restudied the holotype, interpreting bumps on the jaws as an indication that hairs forming a protruding bristle were present on the snout.

Bennett, however, infers from the discovery of the true shorter size of the wings, combined with the short tail, that it was a slower flying predator, specialised in hunting by manoeuvrability, its large eyes adapted to a crepuscular way of life.

This would lead to the young pterosaurs being less dependent on their parents or for shorter durations and be able to fly away sooner at an earlier stage compared to how we see in modern-day birds.

Habib and Witton[8] also went in to describe how insectivory evolved with pterosaurs, just like what is seen with Anurognathus ammoni and Dendrorhynchoides curvidentatus, and how that relates to their functional morphology.

They explained that with the great locomotion and flexibility that their wings showed, Anurognathus ammoni, Dendrorhynchoides curvidentatus, and some other small species, were able to catch insects and maneuver between low areas and potentially around/under trees.