Aphaenogaster dlusskyana is an extinct species of ant in the subfamily Myrmicinae known from a single Middle Eocene fossil found in amber on Sakhalin.
A. dlusskyana is known from a single adult female fossil, the holotype, specimen number "PIN3387-172" which, at the time of the genus description, was residing in the Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, in Moscow.
[2] Sakhalin amber has been attributed a range of geological ages, with Vladimir Zherikhin in 1978 suggesting dates between 59 and 47 million years old.
Research published in 1999 on the Naibuchi Formation, in which Sakhalin amber is directly preserved, however, gives a Middle Eocene age based on geological and paleobotanical context.
[2] The amber fossil specimen was first studied by paleoentomologists A. G. Radchenko and E. E. Perkovsky of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, with their 2016 type description for the species being published in the Paleontological Journal.
Radchenko and Perkovsky suggested in the description that A. dlusskyana was the oldest described Myrmicinae species belonging to a living genus of the subfamily.