Aphaenogaster praerelicta is an extinct species of ant in the subfamily Myrmicinae known from a solitary Late Oligocene to Early Miocene[1] fossil found in Mexico.

[2] Aphaenogaster praerelicta is known from a solitary fossil insect which is an inclusion in a transparent chunk of Mexican amber along with three flies, two springtails, a wasp, and some pollen grains.

[3] The fossil is part of the amber collection of George Poinar Jr., which at the time of description, was housed at the University of California, Berkeley.

De Andrade's 1995 type description of the new species was published in the German journal Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde.

[2] The Aphaenogaster praerelicta specimen is a well-preserved worker caste adult with an estimated body length of approximately 6.28 millimetres (0.247 in).