[1] The widespread language shift from Berber to Arabic happened, at least partially, due to the privileged status that the Arabic language has generally been given in the states of North Africa, from the Arab conquest in 652 up until the French colonialism in the twentieth century, as well as the migration of the Banu Hilal and Banu Sulaym tribes from Arabia to North Africa.
The early wave of migration prior to the 11th century contributed to the Berber adoption of Arab culture.
Furthermore, the Arabic language spread during this period and drove Latin into extinction in the cities.
[4] These Bedouin tribes accelerated and deepened the Arabization process, since the Berber population was gradually assimilated by the newcomers and had to share with them pastures and seasonal migration paths.
[5] As Arab nomads spread, the territories of the local Berber tribes were moved and shrank.