[4] Gray believed that the Amarakaeri's distance from the main stream of the Madre de Dios River may have accounted for their survival.

[1] The Toyeri were originally the largest Harakmbut group however most of them died during the rubber boom from disease, murder, slavery, and other factors.

[5] Slave raids into the Madre de Dios and Harakmbut territory from Peruvians began with the development of the Isthmus of Fitzcarrald in 1894.

[2] The development of a road from Cusco into the Madre de Dios coincided with a smallpox epidemic in 1948 which decimated the Huachipaeri population.

[4] Andrew Gray stated that the Sapiteri demographic became endangered due to smallpox and influenza outbreaks that occurred post contact with the Dominican missionaries.