[6] Arteaga was born in the Biscayan town of Bilbao on 6 December 1902, and he began his football career at SD Erandio Club in 1922, at the age of 19.

[4] While there, he stood out as a solid midfielder, so he eventually became part of the first team of Athletic Bilbao in 1924, making his official debut on 11 October 1925, helping his side to a 5–0 win over Sestao Sport Club.

[1][7] He remained at Athletic Club until 1928, playing a total of 34 competitive matches,[1] including 9 Copa del Rey games and 25 in the Biscay Championship, which he won three times in 1925–26, 1926–27, and 1927–28.

[2][4][7] In total, Arteaga played 104 official matches, 37 in the Biscay Championship, 11 in the cup, and 56 in the league, 36 of which in the first division, but he never managed to score a single goal.

[6][11] After the Spanish Civil War ended in 1939, Arteaga directed Recreativo de Huelva in the 1940–41 season, from where he then moved to UD Salamanca, which he coached from 1941 to 1943 in the Second Division.