[2][3] Species of the genus Arcobacter are found in both animal and environmental sources, making it unique among the Campylobacterota.
[8] The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)[9] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)[10] A. lekithochrous A. roscoffensis A. antarcticus A. parvus A. mytili A. pacificus A. halophilus A. molluscorum A. canalis Pérez-Cataluña et al. 2018 A. marinus A. nitrofigilis A. acticola A. caeni A. venerupis A. anaerophilus A. ebronensis A. arenosus A. bivalviorum A. ellisii A. cloacae A. suis A. aquimarinus A. defluvii A. butzleri A. lacus A. vandammei A. faecis A. lanthieri A. vitoriensis A. cibarius A. cryaerophilus A. skirrowii A. thereius A. trophiarum Arcobacter nitrofigilis (McClung, Patrjiquin & Davis 1983) Vandamme et al. 1991 "Candidatus Marinarcus aquaticus" corrig.Pérez-Cataluña et al. 2018 M. mytili corrig.
[17] Since no routine diagnostic of these bacteria has been performed, the global prevalence of Arcobacter infection is rather underestimated and the exact routes of transmission are unknown.
[18] Some evidence indicates livestock animals may be a significant reservoir of Arcobacter, and over the last few years, the presence of these organisms in raw meat products, as well as in surface and ground water, has received increasing attention.
[6] Symptoms of A. butzleri infections include diarrhea associated with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting or fever.
[6] Studies of patients infected with A. butzleri have demonstrated that without treatment, symptoms endured for a very variable amount of time, from two days to several weeks.
[7] When antimicrobial therapies were administered, the infection was eradicated within a few days, and all strains in the study were found to be susceptible to the antibiotics given.
[18] A. nitrofigilis is a nitrogen-fixing bacterium isolated from the roots of the salt marsh plant Spartina alterniflora.
[19] One interesting potential novel Arcobacter species, designated LA31BT, was isolated from water collected from a hypersaline lagoon.
[4] Another unusual Arcobacter species, designated strain CAB, was isolated from marine sediment and found to have the capacity to grow via perchlorate reduction, the only member of the Campylobacterota in pure culture to possess this rare metabolism.