Argelander is a lunar impact crater that is located in the south-central highlands of the Moon.

[1] It lies in the midpoint between the smaller crater Vogel in the north and the larger Airy to the south.

Just to the west is a shallow cleft in the surface that follows a course to the north-northwest, intersecting the southeast rim of Parrot.

There is a curved depression in the surface following the western rim, giving the wall a rampart on that side.

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Argelander.