Emile Justin Armand Gautier (23 September 1837, in Narbonne – 27 July 1920, in Cannes) was a French biochemist and dietitian.

He studied medicine and sciences at the University of Montpellier, where from 1858 he worked as a préparateur of chemistry.

In 1862 he received his medical doctorate in Paris, and for several years worked as an assistant under chemist Charles-Adolphe Wurtz.

In 1884 he succeeded Wurtz as professor of organic chemistry at the faculty of medicine in Paris.

He was President of the Société Scientifique d'Hygiène Alimentaire et d'Alimentation rationnelle de l'homme (Scientific Society for Alimentary Hygiene and the Rational Feeding of Man).