The 1992 constitution allows for conscientious objection to obligatory military service, it was legislated and sanctioned by both chambers of the Congress, to be promulgated by the Executive Power on June the 17th of 2010.

This law is known as, «Law number 4013/10, "That established the exercise of the right to conscientious objection to obligatory military service and establishes the substitute service for it for the benefit of the civilian population"» In July 2005, military aid in the form of U.S. Special Forces began arriving at Paraguay's Mariscal Estigarribia air base, a sprawling complex built in 1982.

[5][6] In land forces the Paraguayan Army is composed of a Presidential Guards Regiment, composed two battalions (infantry and military police), an armored squadron, and a battery of field artillery, plus the operationally attached Mounted Ceremonial Squadron "Aca Caraya" (which serves independently but as the mounted escort in state events, and serves as part of the 4th Cavalry Regiment).

Each of the nine divisions that make up the three corps has one or two regiments of infantry or cavalry, its platoon of engineers, its communications section, military police units, etc.

Although Paraguay is a landlocked country, it has a strong naval tradition by virtue of the fact that it has access to the Atlantic Ocean through the Paraguay–Paraná rivers.

The Navy has 17 patrol boats of various drafts, four of which were donated by Taiwan and the United States, while the other 13 were built locally.

The rest of the fleet is composed of tugboats, barges, landing craft, transports, and a presidential yacht.

(Fleet Marine Command) Grupo Aeronaval de Helicópteros (GAHE), Sajonia Escuadrilla de Helicópteros de Ataque (EHA) Escuadrilla de Propósitos Generales (EPG) Grupo Aeronaval de Propósitos Generales (GAPROGEN) Grupo Aeronaval de Entrenamiento (GAEN) Cuartel General (Command) Estado Mayor (HQ) Prefectura Zona Pilar (Pilar Naval Prefecture) Prefectura Zona Alberdi (Alberdi Naval Prefecture) Prefectura Zona Central (Central Naval Prefecture) Prefectura Zona Concepcion (Cencepcion Naval Prefecture) Prefectura Zona Olimpo (Olimpo Naval Prefecture) As of 2022, the Commander of the Paraguayan Navy is Rear Admiral Carlos Diaz.

(ABC Color, 12/28/22: "Gunboat 'Humaita' returns to its normal position after worrying inclination") The air force, the newest and smallest of the services, has about 1,100 personnel as of 2012.

The units comprising the force are: the Aerotactico group (TAG) with three fighter squadrons (numbered 1 to 3), respectively equipped with the MB-326, T-33 and EMB-312.