[1] In turn, Armeno-Phrygians would be the descendants of the Graeco-Phrygians, common ancestors of Greeks, Phrygians, and also of Armenians.
There are two conflicting theories regarding the potential origins of the Armeno-Phrygians: According to some scholars, there is evidence of language borrowings (Armenisms) from the Proto-Armenian language into Hittite and Urartian,[6] what would prove the presence of Proto-Armenians in the Armenian Highlands, in the lands of ancient Armenia, since at least the end of the 2nd millennium BC.
A number of linguists have rejected a close relationship between Armenian and Phrygian, despite saying that the two languages do share some features.
[12] Recent research suggests that there is lack of archaeological[13] and genetic evidence[14] for a group from the Balkans entering eastern Asia Minor or the Armenian Highlands during or after the Bronze Age Collapse (as was suggested by Diakonoff).
Some scholars have suggested that the Mushki (whether they were speakers of Armenian or another language) originated in the Caucasus region and moved westward.